Here are the 5 points from the video and below is a mind map of technologies in my life.
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Aim: To determine the relationship between the drop angle of a bob and the time it takes for the pendulum to stop swinging. Focus Question: Can you make a Pendulum clock? A pendulum clock is a special type of old clock that was used before clocks were electronic. They work using a swinging pendulum that the user would wind up, and then the pendulum would swing. A pendulum continues to swing due to its continuous conversion between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy. An object that continues to switch its energy between potential and kinetic is called a harmonic oscillator. Even though as the pendulum continues to swing, energy is lost to air resistance, the bob takes the exact same amount of time to complete one swing, no matter how much energy it has. This is simply because, with a higher angle comes a greater distance, but also a quicker swing time. As energy is lost and the angle becomes smaller, the pendulum also swings slower. This means that the period of the swing remains the same. The pendulum clock works around its swinging pendulum. Every time the bob completes a full swing, or returns to the point it was dropped from, it turns the second gear once, which turns the minute gear at 1/60 of the speed and therefore the hour hand at 1/60 the speed of the minute hand. We discovered that the oscillation of the pendulum, when dropped from an angle of 45 degrees, caused the pendulum to swing back and forth continuously for over 30 minutes. The fact that this single measurement took so long meant that we were unable to record any other angles. In our experiment we set up a pendulum using a bob on a 60cm string hanging from a clamp attached to a retort stand. The setup can be seen in the scientific diagram below.This is of Aiden's diagram not mine. Lesson Summary: Learn how a harmonic oscillator is an object that continuously transforms potential energy into kinetic energy and back again. Learnt how a pendulum clock works. Learnt about the period of a pendulum. The time it takes to return back to its point of origin and how each swing takes exactly the same amount of time. ![]()
Aim: To test different types of fruit to see how much voltage they can produce and which is the most efficient compared to the others. How does this work? Batteries are comprised of two metals suspended in an acidic solution. With the Fruit-Power Battery, the two metals are zinc and copper. The zinc is in the galvanization on the nails, and the coins are actually copper-plated zinc. The acid comes from the citric acid inside each lemon. The two metal components are electrodes, the parts of a battery where electrical current enters and leaves the battery. With a zinc and copper setup, the electron flow is out of the coin (copper) and into the nail (zinc) through the acidic juice inside the lemon. In the exchange of electrons between the zinc and the copper over the acid bridge, copper accepts two electrons from zinc which accounts for the current. Here is a quick video which explains how it works! Focus Question: How many oranges are needed to charge an iPhone? Approximately 2380 quarter pieces of orange are required to charge an iPhone. This would mean that it would take approximately 595 oranges to charge an iPhone. In order to calculate the amount of oranges required to charge an IPhone, we must first look at the amount of energy required to bring the IPhone battery up to 100%. The IPhone 6, to be fully charged, requires 10.5 watt hours, which is equal to 37 800J. From our experiment, we know that the amount of energy that produced by the orange was 853J. Now, if we divide 37 800 by 853, we get approx. 44.3 oranges. This number is quite odd, as the numbers above following the focus question came from a video explaining this very question, and they suggest that we would need over 13 times the amount of oranges as the amount that I calculated. Which fruits produce the most voltage? In our tests today we found that: Lemon - high voltage Potato - medium voltage Orange - low voltage Another video of fruit voltage. Here are some images and videos from today's experiment. This video's were published on Izaak's youtube channel not mine. Lesson Summary:
Tested voltage outputs of potatoes, oranges and lemons. Learnt how a fruit battery works. Determined how many pieces of fruit were required to charge an iPhone. Aim: To use experiments to show energy transformations. Experiment 1 shows how when light is projected onto solar panels it generates volts of electric energy. Experiment 2 shows how electrical kinetic energy can be transferred into sound energy through that of a bell/buzzer. Experiment 3 shows how kinetic mechanical energy can be used to create light energy. Experiment 4 shows that when electrical energy from a battery is transferred to a light the light then turns on. In this case it was a red light like a stop light. Lesson Summary:
Witnessed energy transformations using hands-on activities/techniques. |